Environnement et commerce associé

In 2024, global exports of non-plastic substitutes reached $484 billion, down from their 2022 peak of $563 billion. This decline broadly mirrors the recent moderation in global plastics trade, reflecting softer international demand.

Despite the decline from its recent peak, trade in non-plastic substitutes remains substantial, highlighting the growing role of alternative materials in international markets. As sustainability considerations increasingly shape production, trade and consumption, non-plastic substitutes are becoming an increasingly relevant component of global trade.

Developed economies accounted for 58% of global exports of non-plastic substitutes in 2024, while developing economies accounted for the remaining 42%. Since 2016, exports from developing economies have grown at an average annual rate of 4.5%, highlighting their continued participation in global markets.

Geographically, Europe and Asia accounted for the largest shares of global exports, at 38% and 33%, respectively, reflecting the significant role of intra-regional trade in non-plastic substitutes. Africa accounted for around 3% of global exports, suggesting scope to further develop its participation in this emerging area of international trade.

In terms of value distribution, raw materials – primarily minerals and natural fibres derived from forestry and agricultural resources, as well as seaweed – accounted for nearly two thirds of global non-plastic substitutes trade in 2024.

Value-added products accounted for the remaining 35%, with exports reaching $170 billion out of a total $484 billion. This distribution highlights the continued importance of raw materials in non-plastic substitutes trade, while also pointing to the potential for greater value addition in the sector.